Links
Thoughtful use of links can help readers find key information
Links are useful and expected in most digital experiences. However, they can provide some challenges to readers.
Avoid overuse
Links and cross-references can disrupt any attempt to write clearly and simply. Too many cross-references can confuse users and make them less attentive to your message. They may also overtax your users’ short-term memory.
Repeating bulky material can be disruptive to users. There is a place for links and cross-references, but the challenge is to not overdo them.
Provide descriptive links
Link text should be descriptive and contain all the information the user needs to decide if they should click on it.
Say | Instead of |
|---|---|
You may wish to review this introduction to human-centered design to learn more about HCD principles and practices, and the basics of the HCD approach. | You may wish to review this introduction to human-centered design to learn more about HCD principles and practices, and the basics of the HCD approach. |
Accessibility best practices for hyperlinks to PDFs
A best practice for links to downloadable files is to include file information within the linked text. This is not only helpful for screen readers, but lets all users know:
- That they’re going to open a file, not another web page.
- What type of document it is, in case the user needs to install software to view the file.
- How big the file is, in case they have poor Wi-Fi service or limited storage space on their device.
- When it was published, especially if it is a file that gets updated.
Say | Instead of |
|---|---|
In September 2023, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued M-23-22, Delivering a Digital-First Public Experience (PDF, 220 KB, 32 pages). | In September 2023, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued M-23-22, Delivering a Digital-First Public Experience. |
OMB Circular A-11 Section 280 (PDF, 199 KB, 4 pages, 2025) provides guidance on managing customer experience and improving service delivery. | OMB Circular A-11 Section 280 provides guidance on managing customer experience and improving service delivery. |
For more information on creating accessible links, see Accessibility for Teams.
